Succulents: Simplicity and Sophistication
 | Author:
Allison Kosto, MSU Broadwater County Extension Agent
MSU Broadwater County Extension Agent |
Succulents: Simplicity and Sophistication Allison Kosto, MSU Broadwater County Extension Agent There is something satisfying about growing succulents, perhaps it is their simplicity, perhaps it’s their sophistication or a combination of both. Succulents come in a variety of shapes, colors and sizes and are very popular indoor plants. Their unique water-storing capability makes them easier to care for than some other indoor plants. Outdoor succulents are less common in Montana. However, hardy varieties can tolerate cold weather and can survive Montana winters.
Succulents have a unique ability to hold water. In fact, 90 to 95 percent of the plant’s makeup is water. This makes them extremely drought resistant and adapted for dry, arid environments. They also have the ability to flower, pollinate and develop seed in a shorter amount of time than other plants. Succulents can go dormant when conditions are harsh which adds to their ability to survive. They actually do better with a little neglect and overwatering is an easy way to kill a succulent.
Just like other houseplants, they offer a variety of benefits. They improve air quality in the home by taking in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. Research has shown houseplants can also remove airborne contaminants, increase positive feelings, reduce sound levels, and reduce stress levels. Additionally, some succulents are known for their medicinal properties. A well-known example is aloe vera which can be used to treat cuts, burns and stomachaches.
There are thousands of plant species that are considered succulents, and they are classified as either soft or hardy succulents. Soft succulents are not frost tolerant and are best suited for zones 6 or higher. However, they can still make great indoor plants in Montana. Hardy succulents, however, are more tolerant to colder weather and may be able to survive the winter outside. There are a few native species that fall into this category including yucca plants and the Montana state flower, the Bitterroot.
One requirement of succulents is good drainage. They do not tolerate waterlogged soil which can lead to root decay and rot. As indoor plants, if there are no drainage holes at the bottom of the pot, a trick you can use is to place coarse gravel at the bottom of the container. Terracotta pots are also a good choice for succulents as they promote better draining and hold less water compared to plastic or glass containers. You can purchase succulent potting mix, but it is not necessary. You can create a similar mix with potting soil and coarse sand. Fertilize a couple of times a year during the warmer months.
Even though succulents only need at least six hours of light to survive, they actually prefer a lot more and will thrive more with increased light. Many indoor succulents can be moved outdoors during the growing season. If you do this, start the plants in a semi-shaded area to avoid sunburn and gradually move them to sunnier locations. They likely will need to be watered more frequently outside. Only water succulents when their soil is dry. It’s better to water infrequently and deeply than frequently and lightly.
When cared for correctly, succulents rarely have any bacterial or fungal disease issues. Scale or mealy bugs are the most common indoor pests and can be removed with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol or an insecticide.
If you have any questions about plant care, you can reach the MSU Extension Office in Broadwater County at 406-266-9242 or allison.kosto@montana.edu. Enjoy your succulents!
